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WFFS & PSSM1 Panel

Name: WFFS & PSSM1 Panel
Brand: Equigerminal
Price: 73.8 EUR

Panel of 2 tests that shows if your horse carries the gene changes behind fragile foal syndrome and PSSM1 muscle...

€73.80 Inkl. mva.

About

This bundle tests your horse for two inherited diseases: Warmblood Fragile Foal Syndrome (WFFS, also called FFS), which affects foals, and PSSM1, a muscle disease.

It is made for Warmbloods and suits any horse with Warmblood, draft or stock-horse ancestry.

Why test?

Studbook registration. Several Warmblood studbooks, including the KWPN, require a PSSM1 result for registration. Check your studbook's current rules.

Breeding. Knowing the result of both parents before mating prevents WFFS foals and tells you what each mating can produce for PSSM1.

Buying and selling. Both results are objective information you can show a buyer.

Early management. A PSSM1-positive horse can start the right diet and exercise before muscle damage builds up.

Clinical signs

WFFS. Think of it after an abortion, a stillbirth, or a foal born too weak and fragile to survive in Warmblood breeding.

PSSM1. Commonly reported signs:

Muscle stiffness and reluctance to go forward
Tying up: painful muscle cramping, often soon after work begins
Sweating and signs of pain that can look like colic
Dark urine during severe episodes
In draft horses, weakness and difficulty getting up

None of these signs is unique to PSSM1 or WFFS. Your veterinarian makes the diagnosis in a sick horse or foal.

Transmission

WFFS is recessive. A foal is affected only if it gets one copy from each parent. A horse with one copy is a healthy carrier.

n/n x n/WFFS gives 50% n/n, 50% n/WFFS: no affected foals
n/WFFS x n/WFFS gives 25% n/n, 50% n/WFFS, 25% WFFS/WFFS

PSSM1 is dominant. One copy is enough to make a horse susceptible.

n/n x n/P1 gives 50% n/n, 50% n/P1
n/n x P1/P1 gives 100% n/P1
n/P1 x n/P1 gives 25% n/n, 50% n/P1, 25% P1/P1

The two genes are inherited separately. Neither is on a sex chromosome, so colts and fillies are affected equally.

Prevention

WFFS. Never mate two carriers. Breeding a carrier only to partners that tested negative keeps good bloodlines in use while the variant is bred out.

PSSM1, breeding. Mate a positive horse only with a partner that tested negative.

PSSM1, management. Plan with your veterinarian:

A diet low in starch and sugar
Extra calories from fat
Daily turnout and steady exercise
No sudden jump in work after a rest period

Results

WFFS

n/n: no copy. Cannot pass WFFS on.
n/WFFS: carrier. Can pass the variant on.
WFFS/WFFS: affected.

PSSM1

n/n: negative. Cannot pass PSSM1 on.
n/P1: positive, one copy. Can show signs, though they vary and some horses never show them. Can pass the variant on.
P1/P1: positive, two copies. Signs tend to appear earlier and be more severe. Passes the variant to every foal.

The report is a DNA certificate that identifies the horse and both genotypes.

Sample

Hair roots: 20 to 40 hairs pulled (not cut) from the mane or tail, with the roots attached. Tape them inside the marked area of the printable sample submission form. Hairs without roots cannot be analysed.

Blood: 5 mL of whole blood in a K3-EDTA tube, collected by a veterinarian. Label the tube with the horse's name and send it with the submission form.

One sample covers both tests. Keep samples dry and at room temperature, and do not freeze them. Do not send hair that is wet, mouldy or soiled with bedding or faeces.

Send your sample by regular mail or express delivery to:

Equigerminal Lab HIESE
Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro Nº25
3230-343 Penela, Portugal

Turnaround

Standard processing: results within 5 to 10 working days of the sample arriving at the laboratory. Shipping is arranged and paid for by the client, and transit time is not included in the 5 to 10 working days.

Samples that fail DNA extraction or amplification are repeated at no extra cost, which may add a few working days. We contact you if a new sample is required.

How it works

🛒 Purchase the test: select and buy the test online.

📧 Receive instructions: after payment confirmation you receive sample collection instructions by e-mail.

✨ Collect the sample yourself: pull 20 to 40 hair roots with the bulb attached, or ask your veterinarian to collect blood in a K3-EDTA tube.

📄 Complete the form: print and complete the submission form with the animal identification.

📮 Send it to the laboratory: Equigerminal, S.A., HIESE, Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro, 25, Quinta Vale do Espinhal, 3230-343 Penela, PORTUGAL.

📄 Receive your report: your certified report is issued as soon as the analysis is validated.

FAQs

At what age can a horse be tested?
Any age. The genotypes are fixed at conception, so one test lasts for life.

Does this bundle test PSSM2, MIM or HERDA?
No. It does not cover PSSM2 or MIM, HERDA or any other muscle or skin disease. The link between the commercial PSSM2/MIM variants and disease has not been confirmed by independent research.

For Professionals

Genetic and clinical detail for veterinarians, geneticists and laboratories.

Loci genotyped (gene, variant, inheritance). Full HGVS, identifiers, classification, frequencies and references are on each individual test page.

WFFS: PLOD1 (ECA2); NC_009145.3:g.39927817C>T; XM_001491331.6:c.2032G>A, p.(Gly678Arg); rs1136065234; autosomal recessive; ISAG/AVCG not currently evaluated.
PSSM1: GYS1 (ECA10); NC_009153.3:g.19203501C>T; NM_001126125.2:c.926G>A, p.(Arg309His) (R309H); rs1150416011; autosomal incomplete dominant; ISAG/AVCG Pathogenic (P).

Breeds: WFFS was first described in Warmbloods and related breeds and is reported less often in other breeds in Europe and the United States. PSSM1 is reported in American Paint, Appaloosa, Belgian Draft and Quarter Horses, the Haflinger and the Noric, and across five draft breeds, three Warmblood breeds, the Morgan, the Mustang and the Rocky Mountain Horse.
Clinical notes for veterinarians: in Warmbloods only 18% of biopsy-diagnosed PSSM cases carried GYS1 R309H (McCue et al., 2008b), so a negative PSSM1 result does not exclude a PSSM2/MFM biopsy diagnosis.