Productformulier

qPCR voor equine piroplasmose

Name: qPCR voor equine piroplasmose
Brand: Equigerminal
Price: 86.1 EUR

Onze qPCR-test voor equine piroplasmose detecteert nauwkeurig het genoom van Babesia caballi en Theileria equi, de belangrijkste veroorzakers van equine...

€86.10 Incl. BTW

Over

Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease of horses caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasitesBabesia caballiandTheileria equi. These agents are transmitted through a tick vector. Infected animals maThe qPCR test detects the genome (DNA) of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, the two pathogens responsible for Equine Piroplasmosis.

This molecular test provides highly sensitive detection of both pathogens and is particularly useful for early infection detection and during febrile peaks.

What is Equine Piroplasmosis?

Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease of horses caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites Babesia caballi and Theileria equi.

These pathogens are transmitted by ticks, and infected horses may remain carriers for prolonged periods, serving as a source of infection for other ticks.y remain carriers of these blood parasites for long periods and act as sources of infection for other ticks. The parasites are found in southern Europe, Asia, countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Africa, Cuba, South and Central America, and parts of the southern United States.

Waarom testen?

The qPCR test is recommended for:

Early detection of Equine Piroplasmosis.
Horses showing acute clinical signs or fever.
Detection of active infection.
Confirmation of infection before antibodies are detectable.

Klinische tekenen

Incubation period: 12 to 19 days for T. equi and 10 to 30 days for B. caballi.
Per-acute form: Rare, with only clinical observation being moribund or dead animals.
Acute form: Fever, reduced appetite, elevated respiratory and pulse rates, congestion of mucous membranes, dark red urine, smaller and drier faecal balls, anaemia, and/or icterus.
Subacute form: Similar to acute form but with weight loss and intermittent fever. Mucous membranes may vary from pale pink to bright yellow.
Chronic form: Mild inappetence, poor performance, weight loss. Documented case fatality rates vary from 10–50%.

Transmissie

Babesia caballi sporozoites invade red blood cells, where they develop into trophozoites and subsequently divide into merozoites capable of infecting additional red blood cells.

Theileria equi sporozoites are transmitted by tick bites. They initially invade lymphocytes, where schizonts develop before releasing merozoites that infect red blood cells.

Preventie

Sanitary Prophylaxis: Testing and controlling tick exposure, using repellents, acaricides, and regular inspections, controlling and eradicating the tick vector, and quarantining EP-positive animals.

Medical Prophylaxis: No current biological products are available. Antiprotozoal agents only temporarily clear T. equi from carriers.

Resultaten

The qPCR test detects the genome (DNA) of:

Babesia caballi
Theileria equi

The test supports the diagnosis of active infection and is particularly useful during the early stages of disease.

Voorbeeld

5 mL of blood - collect blood in K3 EDTA tube for qPCR

Why the moment of sampling matters: the parasites can hide in the spleen and in small blood vessels, so the amount present in a blood sample varies from day to day. Your veterinarian may exercise the horse before taking the sample, to bring the parasites back into circulation.

Doorlooptijd

Standard Processing:Results in 2 working days after sample arrival at the laboratory. Clients are responsible for organizing and covering the costs of sending the samples to the laboratory.

Hoe het werkt

🛒 Koop de test: kies de test en koop hem online.

📧 Ontvang de instructies: na bevestiging van de betaling ontvangt u de instructies voor het afnemen van het monster per e-mail.

📄 Vul het formulier in: print het inzendformulier en vul het in met de identificatie van het dier.

✨ Neem het monster af: trek 20 tot 40 haren met wortel (bulbus) uit en plak ze in het gemarkeerde vak op het formulier, of laat uw dierenarts bloed afnemen in een K3-EDTA-buis.

📮 Stuur het naar het laboratorium: Equigerminal, S.A., HIESE, Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro, 25, Quinta Vale do Espinhal, 3230-343 Penela, PORTUGAL.

📊 Ontvang het rapport: het gecertificeerde rapport wordt uitgegeven zodra de analyse is gevalideerd.

Veelgestelde vragen

How does the qPCR test work?

The qPCR test detects the genome (DNA) of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, allowing sensitive detection of active infection.

Which samples are required?

A 5 mL blood sample collected in a K3 EDTA tube.

When should I choose the qPCR test?

The qPCR test is recommended for early infection detection, horses showing clinical signs or fever, and confirmation of active infection before antibodies become detectable.

How long does it take to receive the results?

Results are available within 2 working days after sample arrival at the laboratory.

Can the qPCR test detect infection before antibodies are present?

Yes. Because it detects the DNA of the pathogens rather than antibodies, qPCR is particularly useful during the early stages of infection before seroconversion occurs.

Meer

The qPCR test is highly sensitive and specific, making it suitable for detecting active infection before seroconversion and during periods of fever.

For Professionals

Sampling and parasite load

PCR detects parasite DNA in the sample; a negative result depends on the number of circulating parasites at the time of collection. False-negative PCR results are possible "due to organ sequestration (i.e., spleen) and decreased number of circulating parasites below the level of detection" (Mendoza et al., 2024).
B. caballi "may sequester in small capillaries and then later reemerge into the circulation"; in persistent infection parasitaemia fluctuated between 10² and 10⁵ parasites/mL (Schwint et al., 2009).
The equine spleen stores about 30% of the red cell mass and releases it into circulation during exercise.
"Some clinicians recommend the administration of intravenous phenylephrine or heavy exercise prior to blood sampling in order to induce splenic contraction and mobilize parasitized erythrocytes back to the bloodstream. However, this procedure is not scientifically proven" (Mendoza et al., 2024).
Blood smears from peripheral capillary blood taken during febrile stages improve sensitivity (Mendoza et al., 2024).

References

Mendoza FJ et al. (2024) New insights in the diagnosis and treatment of equine piroplasmosis: pitfalls, idiosyncrasies, and myths. Front Vet Sci 11:1459989.
Schwint ON et al. (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:4327. doi:10.1128/AAC.00404-09