Why Test? Seasonal allergic reactions in horses can affect the skin, respiratory tract, and even digestion. Identifying specific sensitivities to pollens — such as grasses, weeds, and trees — is crucial for effective long-term management and avoiding unnecessary treatments. Horses of any breed, age, or sex can be affected, often with symptoms that peak during spring and summer. Key Benefits Precise allergen identification: Based on specific IgE response HERBU scoring system: Results reported on a 0–5 scale for clinical clarity Minimally invasive: Requires only a blood sample — no sedation, shaving, or intradermal injections Highly reproducible: Standardized and validated laboratory method Fast turnaround: Results ready in 2 to 7 working days What’s Tested? The test covers three key allergen classes relevant to seasonal exposures. Results are IgE-specific, avoiding cross-reactivity with IgG or CCDs. 🌱 Grasses and Crops Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass)  Phleum pratense (Timothy grass)  Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass)  Festuca pratensis (Meadow fescue)  Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass)  Secale cereale (Rye)  Dactylis glomerata (Orchard grass)  Artemisia vulgaris (Mugwort)  🌿 Weeds Chenopodium album (Lamb’s quarters)  Plantago lanceolata (Plantain)  Rumex crispus (Curly dock)  🌳 Trees Betula populifolia (Gray birch) Salix caprea (Goat willow)  Corylus avellana (Hazel)  Fagus sylvatica (Beech)  🧪 Sample Requirements 2 mL serumor 4 mL whole blood (serum tube) ⏱️ Turnaround Time 2 to 7 working days 🧬 About the Results Results are expressed using the HERBU score (0–600) Each allergen is classified into clinical reactivity classes (0–5) IgE-specific testing avoids cross-reactions with IgG or irrelevant allergens Supports formulation of custom Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy (ASIT) when indicated

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Results are given as Positive or Negative allergy for each of the 4 classes of allergens, without identification of the specific allergen in each class.  Allergens classes: 1 - Dust mites, 2 - Pollens, 3 - Moulds, 4 - Insects Sample 2 mL serum or 4 mL - blood - serum tube   Turnaround time 5  working days   Why test? Equine allergies are common and can affect any breed, age or sex of horse. Symptoms involving the skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems can occur for a number of reasons with the diagnosis of allergy being made by systematically ruling out other common conditions. Once diagnosed, knowing what allergens your horse is sensitive to allows you to manage their condition in a way that is specific to their individual needs. Key points: Rapid and easy identification of potential offending allergens Non-invasive and not influenced by most medications Standardised procedure with excellent reproducibility  

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Focuses on the fundamental study of cells, including their structure, function, and essential processes, with an emphasis on counting the total number of cells in a given sample to assess general cellular health. Sample Typically involves basic cell samples from tissues or fluid aspirations, with cell counts performed on simple, unstained samples or using basic staining techniques to facilitate easier observation and counting. Turnaround time Results, including cell counts, for basic cytological examinations are usually ready within 1-2 working days, reflecting the straightforward nature of the analysis.

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Bacteriological and mycological culture Includes antibiogram (if applied) Sample Aspirates, fluids, solid tissues, swabs. Turnaround time 2-5 days

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Cytological, bacteriological and mycological analysis Antibiogram (if applied) Sample Equine Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) Turnaround time 3-8 days

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IFAT  for Borrelia burgdorferi, the pathogen responsible for the Lyme disease or Borreliose. IgG + IgM IgG titers of 1:64 are considered doubtful, IgG titers of 1:128 and higher are considered positive in the sense of an infection that has occurred. Recent infections appear with a positive IgM titer, but may be IgG negative. Sample 5 mL - blood - serum tube Turnaround time 2 to 5 working days   What is Lyme disease? Lyme disease is a tickborne illness that results from infection with members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. These organisms are maintained in wild animals, but they can affect humans and some species of domesticated animals, like horses. Lyme disease has been reported in North America, Europe, Australia and parts of Asia. Clinical signs Clinical signs appear in less than 10% of horses infected with the bacteria. Signs include: Lameness (usually of larger joints) that shifts from limb to limb; Generalised stiffness; Soreness in the large joints and back; Low-grade fever (which may or may not be present); Behavioural changes such as reluctance to work and irritability; Laminitis (occasionally associated with Lyme disease) Horses do not show a skin rash with Lyme disease. Swelling around a tick bite in a horse is generally due to a reaction to the tick’s saliva, not Lyme disease. Transmission The ticks become infected when they feed on rodents such as the white-footed mouse that carry the bacteria. The tick can then pass on this infection when it feeds on another host, such as a horse or deer. The bacteria migrate from the tick to the horse after 12 to 24 hours of attachment. In areas where the incidence of disease is high among people, only about 50% of horses are likely to become infected. Of these horses, less than 1 in 10 develops clinical signs of the disease. The remaining horses either have subclinical infection (carry the antibodies against the bacteria but remain clinically healthy) or their immune systems fight off the bacteria (and these horses carry the antibodies to Lyme disease for up to a year). People can also be infected with Lyme disease, but there is no risk of the disease being transmitted from horses to humans. Prevention Since there is no vaccine available, prevention is focused on control of the tick population: Perform a daily tick examination. Remember that it takes 12 to 24 hours of attachment for bacteria to migrate from the tick to the host. Treat turned out horses with permethrin-based insect repellents during peak adult deer tick seasons: early spring, late summer, and fall. Minimize habitat for ticks and their hosts.  

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the bacterium (formerly known as Ehrlichia phagocytophila and Ehrlichia equi)  responsible for the Equine Anaplasmosis. Sample5 mL of blood in a serum tube Turnaround time2 to 5 working daysWhat is Equine Anaplasmosis?Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum that infects white blood cells. The disease is transmitted by ticks. The risk of transmission to people is unclear at this time.Although horses and people appear to be infected with strains of the same bacteria, it is believed that people also acquire the infection from tick bites, and not directly from infected horses. Clinical signsThe severity of signs varies with the age of the animal and duration of the illness. Signs may be mild.Horses less than 1 year old may have a fever only; horses 1 to 3 years old develop fever, depression, mild limb swelling, and lack of coordination.Adults exhibit the characteristic signs of fever, poor appetite, depression, reluctance to move, limb swelling, and jaundice.Fever is highest during the first 1 to 3 days of infection, but may last for 6 to 12 days. Signs become more severe over several days.Any existing infection (such as a leg wound or respiratory infection) can be made worse. TransmissionThe disease is transmitted by ticks.Immature ticks pick up the bacterium from rodents who serve as reservoirs, maintain it as they mature, and then transmit it to the horse they feed off of as adults. It is unknown how long the tick has to be attached before transmission occurs.It takes approximately 2-3 weeks after disease transmission for the horse to develop clinical signs of Anaplasmosis, meaning that by the time signs are noticed the tick is long gone.Phagocytophilum organisms infect neutrophils and eosinophils in the blood. PreventionThe disease is easily treated in the early stages using appropriate antibiotics.The severity of the disease is variable; many horses recover after 14 days without treatment. However, rare fatalities have occurred that are believed to be associated with secondary infections.Horses with severe signs and neurologic signs may benefit from injectable corticosteroids.Recovered horses develop immunity for at least 2 years and are not carriers.Tick control measures are mandatory for control of the disease.There is no vaccine.

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Culture of the uterus  Sample Uterine swab in special culture transport system Turnaround time 1-15 day for bacterial growth Several days (>15) for yeast and other fungal growth 

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Entails a detailed examination of cells, using advanced techniques not only to identify abnormalities and diagnose diseases but also to perform precise cell counts, including differential counts to distinguish between different cell types or identify specific cellular abnormalities. Sample Typically involves cell samples from tissues, lavages or fluid aspirations, with cell counts performed using staining techniques to facilitate easier observation and counting, and  to provide detailed counts and information on cell types. Turnaround time The results for advanced cytological studies, including differential cell counts, may take longer than basic cytology due to the complexity of the tests and analyses involved are usually ready within 2-4 working days.

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Our Equine Piroplasmosis qPCR Test provides accurate detection of the genome of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, the primary agents responsible for Equine Piroplasmosis. This test is ideal for early infection detection and during febrile peaks. Product Overview qPCR Test: Detects the genome of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, providing highly sensitive detection of piroplasms. Sample Requirements 5 mL of blood - collect blood in K3 EDTA tube for qPCR Turnaround Time Standard Processing: Results in 2 working days after sample arrival at the laboratory. Clients are responsible for organizing and covering the costs of sending the samples to the laboratory. What is Piroplasmosis? Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease of horses caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. These agents are transmitted through a tick vector. Infected animals may remain carriers of these blood parasites for long periods and act as sources of infection for other ticks. Clinical Signs Incubation period: 12 to 19 days for T. equi and 10 to 30 days for B. caballi. Per-acute form: Rare, with only clinical observation being moribund or dead animals. Acute form: Fever, reduced appetite, elevated respiratory and pulse rates, congestion of mucous membranes, dark red urine, smaller and drier faecal balls, anaemia, and/or icterus. Subacute form: Similar to acute form but with weight loss and intermittent fever. Chronic form: Mild inappetence, poor performance, weight loss. Transmission Babesia caballi sporozoites invade red blood cells (RBCs), transforming into trophozoites which divide into merozoites, capable of infecting new RBCs. Theileria equi sporozoites, inoculated into horses via a tick bite, invade lymphocytes, develop into schizonts, and release merozoites that invade RBCs. Prevention Sanitary Prophylaxis: Testing and controlling tick exposure, using repellents, acaricides, and regular inspections, controlling and eradicating the tick vector, and quarantining EP-positive animals. Medical Prophylaxis: No current biological products are available. How It Works How It Works 🛒 Purchase the Test: Select and buy the test online. 📧 Receive Instructions: After payment confirmation, receive instructions for sample collection. ✨ Sample Collection: Your veterinarian collects the sample. 📄 Download Submission Form: Download the printable submission form here. 📮 Send Samples: Send to our lab by regular mail or express delivery to:Equigerminal, S.A., HIESE, Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro, 25, Quinta Vale do Espinhal, 3230-343 Penela, PORTUGAL 📄 Receive Results: Get the result certificate by email. More Info View More Info For more detailed information on the qPCR Test, please visit our website. Visit our detailed diagnosis page FAQs View FAQs How does the qPCR test work? The qPCR test detects the genome of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. What types of samples are required? 5 mL of blood collected in a K3 EDTA tube. Turnaround time? Typically 2 working days.

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Our Equine Piroplasmosis Bundle combines cELISA and qPCR tests for comprehensive detection of antibodies to Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. This bundle is crucial for the official trading, import, and export of horses. Product Overview The bundle includes: Two cELISA Tests: Detect antibodies to Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Used for official trading and movement of horses. Follows ISO/IEC 17025 standards. qPCR Test: Detects the genome of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, providing highly sensitive detection, ideal for early infection detection. Sample Requirements 5 mL of blood or serum - collect blood in a dry tube for cELISA 5 mL of blood - collect blood in K3 EDTA tube for qPCR Turnaround Time Standard Processing: Results in 2 working days after sample arrival. Clients are responsible for organizing and covering the costs of sending the samples. What is Piroplasmosis? Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease caused by Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Infected animals may remain carriers for long periods. The parasites are found in southern Europe, Asia, Africa, and parts of the Americas. Clinical Signs Incubation period: 12 to 19 days for T. equi and 10 to 30 days for B. caballi. Acute form: Fever, reduced appetite, dark red urine, anaemia, and/or icterus. Chronic form: Mild inappetence, poor performance, weight loss. Transmission Babesia caballi sporozoites invade red blood cells (RBCs) and can be transmitted transovarially in ticks. Theileria equi sporozoites invade lymphocytes and are not transmitted transovarially. How It Works How It Works 🛒 Purchase: Buy the bundle online. ✨ Sample Collection: Veterinarian collects samples. 📮 Send Samples: Send to Equigerminal, S.A., HIESE, Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro, 25, Quinta Vale do Espinhal, 3230-343 Penela, PORTUGAL. FAQs View FAQs How do tests work? cELISA detects antibodies (chronic); qPCR detects genome (early infection). Samples? Dry tube for cELISA; EDTA tube for qPCR.

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  Pathogen profile Screening of 6 pathogens responsible anemia signs in equines : Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia Burgdorferi, Leptospira interrogans, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Sample 5 mL of blood - K3 EDTA tube Turnaround time 2 to 5  working days

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   Pathogen test  The RT-qPCR test detects the genome (RNA) of Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) virus. Sample 5 mL - blood - K3 EDTA tube 5mL - liquor (CSF) - sterile tube Turnaround time 2 to 5 working days   What is Eastern Equine Encephalitis? Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), also referred to as triple E, is a viral illness transmitted to humans and horses by the bite of an infected mosquito. The insects pick up the virus from biting an infected bird.  Clinical signs EEE viruses affect the nervous system, so affected animals will have fever, depression and changes in behaviour. Signs of infection may also include impaired vision, muscle twitches, circling or head pressing behaviours, the inability to swallow, paralysis and convulsions. Horses infected with EEE often do not survive Transmission The virus is transmitted to people and horses by bites from infected mosquitoes and birds during wet, summer months Prevention Vaccines for EEE are available for horses. Measures to control mosquito populations and minimize mosquito exposure will decrease chances of infection.

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Tests your horse for ten inherited diseases from one sample: SCID, LFS, CA, PSSM1, HYPP, GBED, HERDA, MH, CM and WFFS.The certificate gives the genotype for each disease. A horse that is clear (n/n) for all ten is certified disorder-free for this panel; carriers and positive horses are named, so matings can be planned around them.Disorder-free means free of these ten variants, not of every inherited disease. Results are issued within 5 to 10 working days of the sample reaching the laboratory.

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Finds out whether your pony carries the CLCN1 variant D592A, linked to congenital myotonia in the New Forest pony. Affected ponies have muscles that are slow to relax, so they are stiff and struggle to get up.The report gives the genotype directly as n/n, n/CM or CM/CM, from hair roots or EDTA blood, at any age. Carriers are completely normal, so the DNA test is the only way to find them before breeding.

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Sorts out the three versions of the TBX3 gene behind the Dun colour and the old wild markings: D (Dun), nd1 (not dun, but marked) and nd2 (not dun, unmarked).The report gives the genotype directly as D/D, D/nd1, D/nd2, nd1/nd1, nd1/nd2 or nd2/nd2, from hair roots or EDTA blood, at any age.It separates a true Dun from an nd1 horse that has a dorsal stripe and leg bars but no lightening at all, the mistake the discovery paper warns about, and tells you whether a Dun parent will pass Dun to half its foals or to all of them.Results are issued as a DNA certificate within 5 to 10 working days of the sample reaching the laboratory.

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DNA test for the Champagne coat colour dilution in horses

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Tells you whether your horse can make black pigment at all, by reading the MC1R variant c.248C>T, the e version of the gene that gives chestnut and sorrel.The report gives the genotype directly as E/E, E/e or e/e, from hair roots or EDTA blood, at any age. It finds the E/e carriers, which look identical to E/E and cannot be recognised any other way.Run it together with the Agouti test for the full base colour, because this test alone cannot tell a future bay from a future black.Results are issued as a DNA certificate within 5 to 10 working days of the sample reaching the laboratory.

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The PCR test detects the genome (DNA) of the Clamydia psittaci, the bacteria responsible for Chlamydiosis. Sample 1 genital swabs - sterile swab 20 gr - placental or foetal tissues - sterile flask 5 mL - blood - K3 EDTA tube Turnaround time 2 to 5 working days   What is Chlamydiosis?   Chlamydia psittaci is a bacterium carried by birds. It can cause a respiratory disease in people called Psittacosis and has also been linked to abortion in mares.    

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Screening of 3 pathogens responsible for Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM): Taylorella equigenitalis by culture over 14 days Pseudomonas aeruginosa by culture  Klebsiela pneumonia by culture Sample requirements 2 or 3 genital swabs in Amies transport  medium with charcoal. Clitoral fossa – use standard swab with Amies culture and transport system Clitoral sinuses swabbed – use Minitip Amies culture and transport system. Openings to the sinuses are on the dorsum of the clitoris - the central one is usually always present whereas the lateral sinuses may be multiple or not be present. Swab all that are present. Either cervical (closed cervix if pregnant or mid-cycle) or endometrial (while in estrus or true anestrus) swab – use guarded 25” swab. NOTE: Schedule all CEM culture submissions in advance with the laboratory. Multiple culture instances are often required and timing is critical. Official CEM testing generally involves multiple sets of samples taken on multiple days. Exact sampling schedules need to be confirmed with appropriate regulatory agencies in advance of testing. Horses cannot be tested while being treated and for a period of time after treatment with antibiotics. Turnaround time 14  working days   What is Contagious Equine Metritis? Contagious equine metritis is an inflammatory disease of the proximal and distal reproductive tract of the mare caused by Taylorella equigenitalis, which usually results in temporary infertility. It is a nonsystemic infection, the effects of which are restricted to the reproductive tract of the mare. Clinical signs When present, general clinical signs include endometritis, cervicitis and vaginitis of variable severity and a slight to copious mucopurulent vaginal discharge. In mares there are two states of infection: The active state in which the main outward sign is a vulval discharge, which may range from very mild to extremely profuse. The carrier state in which there are no outward signs of infection. However, the mare remains capable of transmitting infection because the bacteria are established on the surface of the clitoris, the clitoral fossa and sinuses and, in the case of pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, sometimes in the urethra and bladder. In stallions: (‘stallion’ means mating stallions, teasers and stallions used for AI) Infected stallions do not usually show clinical signs of infection but the bacteria are present on their penis, sheath and. These stallions can infect mares during mating, teasing or AI. Occasionally, the bacteria may invade the stallion’s sex glands, causing pus and bacteria to contaminate the semen. Transmission Direct venereal contact during natural mating presents the highest risk for the transmission of equigenitalis from a contaminated stallion or an infected mare. Direct venereal transmission can also take place by artificial insemination using infective raw, chilled and possibly frozen semen. Indirectly, infection may be acquired through fomite transmission, manual contamination, inadequate observance of appropriate biosecurity measures at the time of breeding and at semen- collection centres. Stallions can become asymptomatic carriers of equigenitalis. The principal sites of colonisation by the bacterium are the urogenital membranes (urethral fossa, urethral sinus, terminal urethra and penile sheath). The sites of persistence of equigenitalis in the majority of carrier mares are the clitoral sinuses and fossa and infrequently the uterus. Foals born of carrier mares may also become carriers. The organism can infect equid species other than horses, e.g. donkeys. Prevention If infection with equigenitalis is suspected in any mare, stallion or teaser on the basis of clinical signs, all breeding activities must cease immediately. The affected horse(s) should be isolated and swabbed by the attending veterinary surgeon. Arrange swabbing of any at risk horse. Disinfect all equipment used for breeding procedures. Inform all owners of mares booked to the stallion, including any which have already left the premises; Inform people to whom semen from the stallion has been sent; Arrange for one straw from every ejaculate of stored semen from infected and at risk stallions to be tested by a laboratory. If a straw from any ejaculate is infected, all straws from that ejaculate should be destroyed; Any at risk pregnant mare must be foaled in isolation. The placenta must be incinerated. Foals born to these mares should be swabbed three times, at intervals of not less than seven days, before three months of age. Any mares with an abnormal vaginal exudate, or returning to oestrus prematurely, should be investigated and managed as though infected with equigenitalis until results of laboratory testing prove otherwise. If carriers of equigenitalis are detected, the organism can be eliminated by treatment with systemic and/or local antibiotics combined with antiseptic washing of the sites of persistence in the mare and the stallion.

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  Screening of 3 pathogens responsible for Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM): Taylorella equigenitalis by Culture over 7 days Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Culture  Klebsiela pneumonia, Culture   Sample 2 or 3 genital swabs in swab Amies transport medium with charcoal. Clitoral fossa – use standard swab with Amies culture and transport system Clitoral sinuses swabbed – use Minitip Amies culture and transport system. Openings to the sinuses are on the dorsum of the clitoris - the central one is usually always present whereas the lateral sinuses may be multiple or not be present. Swab all that are present. Either cervical (closed cervix if pregnant or mid-cycle) or endometrial (while in estrus or true anestrus) swab – use guarded 25” swab. NOTE: Schedule all CEM culture submissions in advance with the laboratory. Multiple culture instances are often required and timing is critical. Official CEM testing generally involves multiple sets of samples taken on multiple days. Exact sampling schedules need to be confirmed with appropriate regulatory agencies in advance of testing. Horses cannot be tested while being treated and for a period of time after treatment with antibiotics. Turnaround time 7  working days   What is Contagious Equine Metritis? Contagious equine metritis is an inflammatory disease of the proximal and distal reproductive tract of the mare caused by Taylorella equigenitalis, which usually results in temporary infertility. It is a nonsystemic infection, the effects of which are restricted to the reproductive tract of the mare. Clinical signs When present, general clinical signs include endometritis, cervicitis and vaginitis of variable severity and a slight to copious mucopurulent vaginal discharge. In mares there are two states of infection: The active state in which the main outward sign is a vulval discharge, which may range from very mild to extremely profuse. The carrier state in which there are no outward signs of infection. However, the mare remains capable of transmitting infection because the bacteria are established on the surface of the clitoris, the clitoral fossa and sinuses and, in the case of pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, sometimes in the urethra and bladder. In stallions: (‘stallion’ means mating stallions, teasers and stallions used for AI) Infected stallions do not usually show clinical signs of infection but the bacteria are present on their penis, sheath and. These stallions can infect mares during mating, teasing or AI. Occasionally, the bacteria may invade the stallion’s sex glands, causing pus and bacteria to contaminate the semen. Transmission Direct venereal contact during natural mating presents the highest risk for the transmission of equigenitalis from a contaminated stallion or an infected mare. Direct venereal transmission can also take place by artificial insemination using infective raw, chilled and possibly frozen semen. Indirectly, infection may be acquired through fomite transmission, manual contamination, inadequate observance of appropriate biosecurity measures at the time of breeding and at semen- collection centres. Stallions can become asymptomatic carriers of equigenitalis. The principal sites of colonisation by the bacterium are the urogenital membranes (urethral fossa, urethral sinus, terminal urethra and penile sheath). The sites of persistence of equigenitalis in the majority of carrier mares are the clitoral sinuses and fossa and infrequently the uterus. Foals born of carrier mares may also become carriers. The organism can infect equid species other than horses, e.g. donkeys. Prevention If infection with equigenitalis is suspected in any mare, stallion or teaser on the basis of clinical signs, all breeding activities must cease immediately. The affected horse(s) should be isolated and swabbed by the attending veterinary surgeon. Arrange swabbing of any at risk horse. Disinfect all equipment used for breeding procedures. Inform all owners of mares booked to the stallion, including any which have already left the premises; Inform people to whom semen from the stallion has been sent; Arrange for one straw from every ejaculate of stored semen from infected and at risk stallions to be tested by a laboratory. If a straw from any ejaculate is infected, all straws from that ejaculate should be destroyed; Any at risk pregnant mare must be foaled in isolation. The placenta must be incinerated. Foals born to these mares should be swabbed three times, at intervals of not less than seven days, before three months of age. Any mares with an abnormal vaginal exudate, or returning to oestrus prematurely, should be investigated and managed as though infected with equigenitalis until results of laboratory testing prove otherwise. If carriers of equigenitalis are detected, the organism can be eliminated by treatment with systemic and/or local antibiotics combined with antiseptic washing of the sites of persistence in the mare and the stallion.

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This culture test detects the presence Taylorella equigenitalis by culturing, the most common bacteria responsible for the Contagious Equine Metritis. Sample requirements 2 or 3 genital swabs - swab Amies transport with charcoal. Clitoral fossa – use standard swab with Amies culture and transport system Clitoral sinuses swabbed – use Minitip Amies culture and transport system. Openings to the sinuses are on the dorsum of the clitoris - the central one is usually always present whereas the lateral sinuses may be multiple or not be present. Swab all that are present. Either cervical (closed cervix if pregnant or mid-cycle) or endometrial (while in estrus or true anestrus) swab – use guarded 25” swab. NOTE: Schedule all CEM culture submissions in advance with the laboratory. Multiple culture instances are often required and timing is critical. Official CEM testing generally involves multiple sets of samples taken on multiple days. Exact sampling schedules need to be confirmed with appropriate regulatory agencies in advance of testing. Horses cannot be tested while being treated and for a period of time after treatment with antibiotics. Turnaround time 14  working days   What is Contagious Equine Metritis? Contagious equine metritis is an inflammatory disease of the proximal and distal reproductive tract of the mare caused by Taylorella equigenitalis, which usually results in temporary infertility. It is a nonsystemic infection, the effects of which are restricted to the reproductive tract of the mare. Clinical signs When present, general clinical signs include endometritis, cervicitis and vaginitis of variable severity and a slight to copious mucopurulent vaginal discharge. In mares there are two states of infection: The active state in which the main outward sign is a vulval discharge, which may range from very mild to extremely profuse. The carrier state in which there are no outward signs of infection. However, the mare remains capable of transmitting infection because the bacteria are established on the surface of the clitoris, the clitoral fossa and sinuses and, in the case of pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, sometimes in the urethra and bladder. In stallions: (‘stallion’ means mating stallions, teasers and stallions used for AI) Infected stallions do not usually show clinical signs of infection but the bacteria are present on their penis, sheath and. These stallions can infect mares during mating, teasing or AI. Occasionally, the bacteria may invade the stallion’s sex glands, causing pus and bacteria to contaminate the semen. Transmission Direct venereal contact during natural mating presents the highest risk for the transmission of equigenitalis from a contaminated stallion or an infected mare. Direct venereal transmission can also take place by artificial insemination using infective raw, chilled and possibly frozen semen. Indirectly, infection may be acquired through fomite transmission, manual contamination, inadequate observance of appropriate biosecurity measures at the time of breeding and at semen- collection centres. Stallions can become asymptomatic carriers of equigenitalis. The principal sites of colonisation by the bacterium are the urogenital membranes (urethral fossa, urethral sinus, terminal urethra and penile sheath). The sites of persistence of equigenitalis in the majority of carrier mares are the clitoral sinuses and fossa and infrequently the uterus. Foals born of carrier mares may also become carriers. The organism can infect equid species other than horses, e.g. donkeys. Prevention If infection with equigenitalis is suspected in any mare, stallion or teaser on the basis of clinical signs, all breeding activities must cease immediately. The affected horse(s) should be isolated and swabbed by the attending veterinary surgeon. Arrange swabbing of any at risk horse. Disinfect all equipment used for breeding procedures. Inform all owners of mares booked to the stallion, including any which have already left the premises; Inform people to whom semen from the stallion has been sent; Arrange for one straw from every ejaculate of stored semen from infected and at risk stallions to be tested by a laboratory. If a straw from any ejaculate is infected, all straws from that ejaculate should be destroyed; Any at risk pregnant mare must be foaled in isolation. The placenta must be incinerated. Foals born to these mares should be swabbed three times, at intervals of not less than seven days, before three months of age. Any mares with an abnormal vaginal exudate, or returning to oestrus prematurely, should be investigated and managed as though infected with equigenitalis until results of laboratory testing prove otherwise. If carriers of equigenitalis are detected, the organism can be eliminated by treatment with systemic and/or local antibiotics combined with antiseptic washing of the sites of persistence in the mare and the stallion.

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  Pathogen test The culture test detects the presence of Taylorella equigenitalis, the most comum bacteria responsible for the Contagious Equine Metritis. Sample 3 genital swabs - swab Amies transport with charcoal. Clitoral fossa – use standard swab with Amies culture and transport system Clitoral sinuses swabbed – use Minitip Amies culture and transport system. Openings to the sinuses are on the dorsum of the clitoris - the central one is usually always present whereas the lateral sinuses may be multiple or not be present. Swab all that are present. Either cervical (closed cervix if pregnant or mid-cycle) or endometrial (while in estrus or true anestrus) swab – use guarded 25” swab.   NOTE: Schedule all CEM culture submissions in advance with the laboratory. Multiple culture instances are often required and timing is critical. Official CEM testing generally involves multiple sets of samples taken on multiple days. Exact sampling schedules need to be confirmed with appropriate regulatory agencies in advance of testing. Horses cannot be tested while being treated and for a period of time after treatment with antibiotics. Turnaround time 7  working days   What is Contagious Equine Metritis? Contagious equine metritis is an inflammatory disease of the proximal and distal reproductive tract of the mare caused by Taylorella equigenitalis, which usually results in temporary infertility. It is a nonsystemic infection, the effects of which are restricted to the reproductive tract of the mare. Clinical signs When present, general clinical signs include endometritis, cervicitis and vaginitis of variable severity and a slight to copious mucopurulent vaginal discharge. In mares there are two states of infection: The active state in which the main outward sign is a vulval discharge, which may range from very mild to extremely profuse. The carrier state in which there are no outward signs of infection. However, the mare remains capable of transmitting infection because the bacteria are established on the surface of the clitoris, the clitoral fossa and sinuses and, in the case of pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, sometimes in the urethra and bladder. In stallions: (‘stallion’ means mating stallions, teasers and stallions used for AI) Infected stallions do not usually show clinical signs of infection but the bacteria are present on their penis, sheath and. These stallions can infect mares during mating, teasing or AI. Occasionally, the bacteria may invade the stallion’s sex glands, causing pus and bacteria to contaminate the semen. Transmission Direct venereal contact during natural mating presents the highest risk for the transmission of equigenitalis from a contaminated stallion or an infected mare. Direct venereal transmission can also take place by artificial insemination using infective raw, chilled and possibly frozen semen. Indirectly, infection may be acquired through fomite transmission, manual contamination, inadequate observance of appropriate biosecurity measures at the time of breeding and at semen- collection centres. Stallions can become asymptomatic carriers of equigenitalis. The principal sites of colonisation by the bacterium are the urogenital membranes (urethral fossa, urethral sinus, terminal urethra and penile sheath). The sites of persistence of equigenitalis in the majority of carrier mares are the clitoral sinuses and fossa and infrequently the uterus. Foals born of carrier mares may also become carriers. The organism can infect equid species other than horses, e.g. donkeys. Prevention If infection with equigenitalis is suspected in any mare, stallion or teaser on the basis of clinical signs, all breeding activities must cease immediately. The affected horse(s) should be isolated and swabbed by the attending veterinary surgeon. Arrange swabbing of any at risk horse. Disinfect all equipment used for breeding procedures. Inform all owners of mares booked to the stallion, including any which have already left the premises; Inform people to whom semen from the stallion has been sent; Arrange for one straw from every ejaculate of stored semen from infected and at risk stallions to be tested by a laboratory. If a straw from any ejaculate is infected, all straws from that ejaculate should be destroyed; Any at risk pregnant mare must be foaled in isolation. The placenta must be incinerated. Foals born to these mares should be swabbed three times, at intervals of not less than seven days, before three months of age. Any mares with an abnormal vaginal exudate, or returning to oestrus prematurely, should be investigated and managed as though infected with equigenitalis until results of laboratory testing prove otherwise. If carriers of equigenitalis are detected, the organism can be eliminated by treatment with systemic and/or local antibiotics combined with antiseptic washing of the sites of persistence in the mare and the stallion.

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This PCR test detects the genome (DNA) of Taylorella equigenitalis the most comum bacteria responsible for the Contagious Equine Metritis. Sample 3 genital swabs - swab Amies transport with charcoal. Clitoral fossa – use standard swab with Amies culture and transport system Clitoral sinuses swabbed – use Minitip Amies culture and transport system. Openings to the sinuses are on the dorsum of the clitoris - the central one is usually always present whereas the lateral sinuses may be multiple or not be present. Swab all that are present. Either cervical (closed cervix if pregnant or mid-cycle) or endometrial (while in estrus or true anestrus) swab – use guarded 25” swab. Turnaround time 2 to 5  working days   What is Contagious Equine Metritis? Contagious equine metritis is an inflammatory disease of the proximal and distal reproductive tract of the mare caused by Taylorella equigenitalis, which usually results in temporary infertility. It is a nonsystemic infection, the effects of which are restricted to the reproductive tract of the mare. Clinical signs When present, general clinical signs include endometritis, cervicitis and vaginitis of variable severity and a slight to copious mucopurulent vaginal discharge. In mares there are two states of infection: The active state in which the main outward sign is a vulval discharge, which may range from very mild to extremely profuse. The carrier state in which there are no outward signs of infection. However, the mare remains capable of transmitting infection because the bacteria are established on the surface of the clitoris, the clitoral fossa and sinuses and, in the case of pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, sometimes in the urethra and bladder. In stallions: (‘stallion’ means mating stallions, teasers and stallions used for AI) Infected stallions do not usually show clinical signs of infection but the bacteria are present on their penis, sheath and. These stallions can infect mares during mating, teasing or AI. Occasionally, the bacteria may invade the stallion’s sex glands, causing pus and bacteria to contaminate the semen. Transmission Direct venereal contact during natural mating presents the highest risk for the transmission of equigenitalis from a contaminated stallion or an infected mare. Direct venereal transmission can also take place by artificial insemination using infective raw, chilled and possibly frozen semen. Indirectly, infection may be acquired through fomite transmission, manual contamination, inadequate observance of appropriate biosecurity measures at the time of breeding and at semen- collection centres. Stallions can become asymptomatic carriers of equigenitalis. The principal sites of colonisation by the bacterium are the urogenital membranes (urethral fossa, urethral sinus, terminal urethra and penile sheath). The sites of persistence of equigenitalis in the majority of carrier mares are the clitoral sinuses and fossa and infrequently the uterus. Foals born of carrier mares may also become carriers. The organism can infect equid species other than horses, e.g. donkeys. Prevention If infection with equigenitalis is suspected in any mare, stallion or teaser on the basis of clinical signs, all breeding activities must cease immediately. The affected horse(s) should be isolated and swabbed by the attending veterinary surgeon. Arrange swabbing of any at risk horse. Disinfect all equipment used for breeding procedures. Inform all owners of mares booked to the stallion, including any which have already left the premises; Inform people to whom semen from the stallion has been sent; Arrange for one straw from every ejaculate of stored semen from infected and at risk stallions to be tested by a laboratory. If a straw from any ejaculate is infected, all straws from that ejaculate should be destroyed; Any at risk pregnant mare must be foaled in isolation. The placenta must be incinerated. Foals born to these mares should be swabbed three times, at intervals of not less than seven days, before three months of age. Any mares with an abnormal vaginal exudate, or returning to oestrus prematurely, should be investigated and managed as though infected with equigenitalis until results of laboratory testing prove otherwise. If carriers of equigenitalis are detected, the organism can be eliminated by treatment with systemic and/or local antibiotics combined with antiseptic washing of the sites of persistence in the mare and the stallion.  

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