Name: Cr Diluição Cream
Brand: Equigerminal
Price: 43.05 EUR

Sobre o teste

O gene de diluição creme tem efeitos variados em diferentes cores base.

Para obter o ‘nome do tipo’ exato da diluição creme do cavalo, recomenda-se realizar este teste em conjunto com os genes Extension e Agouti.

Porquê testar?

Criação para a cor. O número de cópias importa. Saber se cada progenitor tem uma ou duas indica que cores um acasalamento pode dar.

Encontrar portadores ocultos. Alguns cavalos são portadores de Cream sem que isso se veja na pelagem. O teste de ADN é a única forma de os identificar.

Distinguir cavalos de pelagem clara. Um cavalo claro de olhos azuis pode ter duas cópias de Cream, ou uma de Cream e uma de Pearl, Champagne ou um padrão de branco. Estes cavalos transmitem a cor de formas muito diferentes e não se distinguem com segurança a olho.

Registo e venda. Vários livros genealógicos registam o estado de diluição, e o resultado é informação objetiva que pode mostrar a um comprador.

Sinais clínicos

Cream lightens the coat. How it looks depends on the base colour and on the number of copies. With no copy, the base colour shows as it is.

One copy: red pigment lightened.

Chestnut becomes palomino: a golden body with a white or flaxen mane and tail
Bay becomes buckskin: a golden body with the black points kept
Black becomes smoky black, which usually looks like an ordinary black

Two copies: red and black pigment lightened. The coat goes pale cream, the skin is pink and the eyes are blue.

Chestnut becomes cremello
Bay becomes perlino: a cream body with slightly darker, rust-tinged points
Black becomes smoky cream

What fools the eye:

Smoky black read as black. This is the commonest mistake with this gene.
Palomino read as flaxen chestnut, and the other way round
Cremello or perlino read as white or albino. These horses have cream hair and still make a little pigment. True white horses owe their colour to other genes.
Buckskin read as bay dun, or the two present together
Grey, which slowly strips any of these colours away

Health. No disease is linked to Cream. Blue eyes and pink skin are part of the colour, not a defect, and need no treatment.

Transmissão

Cream shows with one copy, and shows more with two. The gene is not on a sex chromosome, so colts and fillies are the same.

What each mating can produce:

N/N x N/N gives 100% N/N
N/N x N/Cr gives 50% N/N, 50% N/Cr
N/N x Cr/Cr gives 100% N/Cr
N/Cr x N/Cr gives 25% N/N, 50% N/Cr, 25% Cr/Cr
N/Cr x Cr/Cr gives 50% N/Cr, 50% Cr/Cr
Cr/Cr x Cr/Cr gives 100% Cr/Cr

Prevenção

The result lets you plan which dilute colours a mating can give.

To guarantee a dilute foal. Use a parent with two copies.

To get a palomino. The foal needs one Cream copy on a chestnut base. Cremello put to chestnut gives only palominos.

To get a buckskin. The foal needs one Cream copy on a bay base. Cremello put to bay is the most efficient route, and the outcome then depends on the bay parent's own base colour genes.

To avoid a double dilute. Mate a Cream carrier only with a partner that tested negative.

Descrição dos resultados

N/N: negativo. Sem cópia de Cream. Não pode transmitir o Cream.

N/Cr: uma cópia, diluição simples. Transmite o Cream a cerca de metade dos poldros.

Cr/Cr: duas cópias, diluição dupla. Transmite o Cream a todos os poldros.

Para dar o nome exato da cor são também necessários os resultados de Extension e Agouti, porque o mesmo resultado Cream dá uma cor diferente em cada pelagem base.

Requisitos da amostra

30 a 40 - raízes do cabelo - envelope ou 5 mL - sangue - tubo K3 EDTA

Envie a sua amostra por correio normal para:

Equigerminal Lab HIESE
Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro Nº25
3230-343 Penela, Portugal

Tempo de resposta

Processamento padrão: resultados no prazo de 5 a 10 dias úteis após a chegada da amostra ao laboratório. O envio é organizado e pago pelo cliente, e o tempo de transporte não está incluído nos 5 a 10 dias úteis.

As amostras que falhem a extração ou a amplificação de ADN são repetidas sem custo adicional, o que pode acrescentar alguns dias úteis. Contactamo-lo se for necessária uma nova amostra.

Como funciona

🛒 Compre o teste: selecione e compre o teste online.

📧 Receba as instruções: após a confirmação do pagamento, recebe por email as instruções de recolha da amostra.

✨ Recolha a amostra: arranque 20 a 40 raízes de pelo com o bolbo, ou peça ao seu veterinário que colha sangue num tubo K3-EDTA.

📄 Preencha o formulário: imprima e preencha o formulário de submissão com a identificação do animal.

📮 Envie para o laboratório: Equigerminal, S.A., HIESE, Rua da Quinta do Sobreiro, 25, Quinta Vale do Espinhal, 3230-343 Penela, PORTUGAL.

📄 Receba o relatório: o relatório certificado é emitido assim que a análise for validada.

FAQs

What does this test not detect?
It reads Cream only. It does not read Pearl, Sunshine or Snowdrop, three other dilutions in the same gene. It does not test Champagne, Silver, Dun, Grey, Mushroom, any white pattern or the base colour. It says nothing about health, performance or temperament.

At what age can a horse be tested?
Any age. The genotype is fixed at conception and never changes. A foal coat is a poor guide to dilution, so testing early makes sense.

Should I also test for Pearl?
Yes, if the horse is pale and the Cream result does not explain it, or if it is of Iberian or stock-horse origin, where Pearl occurs and can imitate Cream. Where relevant, test Champagne too.

For Professionals

Genetic and clinical detail for veterinarians, geneticists and laboratories.

Gene / locus: SLC45A2 (solute carrier family 45 member 2; formerly MATP), Cream (C) locus, ECA21.
Variant: C^Cr allele, missense. HGVS (EquCab3.0): NC_009164.3:g.31690653G>A; XM_001498110.4:c.601G>A; XP_001498160.2:p.(Asp201Asn).
Alternative designations: published as exon 2 c.457G>A, p.Asp153Asn (Mariat et al., 2003). The genomic position is the same; c. and p. numbering differ because OMIA uses a more recent RefSeq transcript.
Variant identifiers: rs1140980396 (EVA); OMIA variant 153.
Variant classification: not currently evaluated (ISAG/AVCG, per OMIA).
Mechanism: SLC45A2 encodes a transporter the melanocyte needs to function; the Cream variant reduces the pigment deposited in the hair.
Inheritance: autosomal incomplete dominant (dosage effect): one copy dilutes phaeomelanin, two copies dilute phaeomelanin and eumelanin. OMIA code: A (autosomal).
Breeds with documented carriers or cases: OMIA variant record lists Quarter Horse, Morgan and Welsh Pony. Avila et al. (2022) found Cream in 25 of 28 breeds: Andalusian, Appaloosa, Arabian, Connemara Pony, Dutch Warmblood, Gypsy Cob, Gypsy Vanner, Icelandic Horse, Lusitano, Miniature Horse, Missouri Fox Trotter, Morgan Horse, Mustang, Norwegian Fjord Horse, Oldenburg, Paint Horse, Pony of the Americas, Pura Raza Espanola, Quarter Horse, Rocky Mountain Horse, Shetland Pony, Standardbred, Tennessee Walking Horse, Thoroughbred and Welsh Pony. Not detected in Hanoverian (n=31), Knabstrupper (n=71) or Percheron (n=37); absence in a sample does not prove absence in the breed.
Allele / carrier frequencies: allele frequency from 42% in the Lusitano (n=102) to 1.3% in the Standardbred (n=39), Iberian breeds among the highest (Avila et al., 2022; 11,281 horses tested, 6,878 after removing close relatives). The authors note ascertainment bias, as samples were submitted for colour testing, so figures for less-sampled breeds may be overestimated.
Clinical / diagnostic notes for veterinarians: SLC45A2 carries at least four equine dilution alleles: Cream, Pearl (Sevane et al., 2019), Sunshine (Holl et al., 2019) and Snowdrop (Bisbee et al., 2020).

Key references:

Mariat D, Taourit S, Guerin G (2003). A mutation in the MATP gene causes the cream coat colour in the horse. Genet Sel Evol 35:119-133. doi:10.1051/gse:2002039. PMID 12605854.
Locke MM, Ruth LS, Millon LV, Penedo MCT, Murray JD, Bowling AT (2001). The cream dilution gene, responsible for the palomino and buckskin coat colours, maps to horse chromosome 21. Anim Genet 32:340-343.
Holl HM, Pflug KM, Yates KM, Hoefs-Martin K, Shepard C, Cook DG, Lafayette C, Brooks SA (2019). A candidate gene approach identifies variants in SLC45A2 that explain dilute phenotypes, pearl and sunshine, in compound heterozygote horses. Anim Genet 50:271-274. doi:10.1111/age.12790. PMID 31006892.
Avila F, Hughes SS, Magdesian KG, Penedo MCT, Bellone RR (2022). Breed distribution and allele frequencies of base coat color, dilution, and white patterning variants across 28 horse breeds. Genes 13:1641.